Reconocimiento y abordaje del paciente con síndrome de rumiación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52787/agl.v52i2.199Palabras clave:
Trastornos funcionales gastrointestinales, trastornos de la interacción intestino-cerebro, síndrome de rumiación, regurgitación, vómitos, enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico refractariaResumen
El síndrome de rumiación es un trastorno funcional gastroduodenal que se caracteriza por la regurgitación, recurrente y sin esfuerzo, de alimentos recientemente ingeridos hasta la boca. El material regurgitado puede ser masticado y deglutido nuevamente o expulsado hacia el exterior. En la práctica clínica, la mayoría de los pacientes refieren la presencia de “reflujo” o “vómitos” y, si no se realiza una anamnesis detallada con preguntas dirigidas, los síntomas suelen interpretarse erróneamente, lo que lleva a realizar múltiples exámenes complementarios y tratamientos innecesarios que no resuelven el problema. En los pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico refractaria, es fundamental distinguir entre regurgitación posprandial persistente y síndrome de rumiación. La importancia de este diagnóstico diferencial radica en que el síndrome de rumiación se beneficia de intervenciones en el comportamiento, a diferencia de los tratamientos médicos o quirúrgicos indicados en los pacientes en los que se confirma la presencia de enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico refractaria.
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