Estudio descriptivo del microambiente inmunológico tumoral e infección por el virus de Epstein-Barr en el adenocarcinoma gástrico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52787/agl.v52i4.200Palabras clave:
Neoplasias de estómago, muerte celular programada 1 Ligando 2 Proteína, virus de Epstein-Barr, Herpesvirus 4 Humano, linfocitos T CD8-positivoResumen
Introducción. La región del Cauca, Colombia, tiene una alta incidencia de cáncer gástrico y son pocos los estudios que describen el microambiente tumoral en muestras de cáncer gástrico de esta región geográfica. El objetivo del estudio fue describir la infiltración de células T CD3 + CD8+, la expresión de muerte programada-1 (PD-1) y ligando de muerte programada 1 (PD-L1), y la infección por el virus de Epstein-Barr en biopsias de adenocarcinoma gástrico tipo intestinal avanzado de pacientes de dicha región.
Metodología.
Se trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en 24 muestras de gastrectomía de las 48 analizadas. La expresión de CD3, CD8, PD-1 y PD-L1 se analizó por inmunohistoquímica y la infección por virus de Epstein-Barr mediante hibridación in-situ de pequeños ARN codificados por el virus de Epstein-Barr (EBER-ISH) en muestras de tejido gástrico fijadas e incluidas en parafina. Finalmente, se calcularon el inmunoscore y el puntaje combinado positivo.
Resultados. Las muestras de adenocarcinoma gástrico tipo intestinal avanzado tenían 21,8 % ± 13,6 % y 14,8 % ± 14,8 % de CD3+ y CD8+ positivo respectivamente, el 100 % tenía baja expresión de PD-1, en puntuación combinado positivo para PDL- 1, el 91,7 % tenía < 1 y el 8,3% tenía > 1. En EBER-ISH el 20,8% dio positivo y en inmunoscore el 16,7% tenía un puntaje > 25%.
Conclusión. Este trabajo reporta casos de adenocarcinoma gástrico tipo intestinal avanzado avanzados con microambiente tumoral atípico, comparado con lo reportado previamente. Es importante considerar que el microambiente tumoral en cáncer gástrico es heterogéneo, por lo que hace relevante el análisis de inestabilidad de microsatélites en este tipo de muestras.
Citas
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Derechos de autor 2022 Lucy Bravo-Luna , Rosa Amalia Dueñas-Cuellar, Victoria Eugenia Niño, Angela Merchán-Galvis , Harold Bolaños
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
