Reflujo laringofaríngeo: perspectivas históricas, diagnósticos y tratamientos actuales, y desafíos pendientes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52787/agl.v55i4.555Palabras clave:
Reflujo laringofaríngeo, reflujo gastroesofágico, monitorización del pH esofágico, enfermedad por reflujo laringofaríngeo, marco de diagnósticosResumen
El concepto de reflujo laringofaríngeo ha evolucionado desde que se utilizó por primera vez para describir el flujo retrógrado del contenido gástrico hacia las vías respiratorias superiores provocando síntomas; décadas de investigación interdisciplinaria condujeron a nuestra comprensión actual del proceso, que indica la importancia de diferenciar la enfermedad por reflujo laringofaríngeo (caracterizada por síntomas con evidencia objetiva de reflujo) de los síntomas laringofaríngeos (que pueden ocurrir con o sin reflujo patológico). Es esencial reconocer esta distinción para hacer un tratamiento eficaz, ya que la enfermedad por reflujo laringofaríngeo puede responder al tratamiento antirreflujo, mientras que el tratamiento de los síntomas laringofaríngeos depende de la entidad o entidades clínicas que contribuyen a que estos ocurran. En esta revisión se resume el desarrollo histórico del concepto de reflujo laringofaríngeo, se esbozan los enfoques diagnósticos y terapéuticos actuales de la enfermedad por reflujo laringofaríngeo y se destacan los retos actuales y las oportunidades para la investigación futura, concluyendo que la colaboración interdisciplinaria continua es esencial para mejorar tanto los diagnósticos basados en la evidencia como los resultados de los tratamientos.
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